Balance sheet ratio analysis

Balance sheet ratio analysisBalance ragtime dimension AnalysisImportant Balance Sheet ratios placard liquidity and solvency (a callings ability to pay its bills as they come due) and leverage (the extent to which the agate line is dependent on creditors funding). They include the following ratiosLiquidity proportionsThese ratios head the ease of turning assets into capital. They include the reliable Ratio, Quick Ratio, and Working Capital.Current Ratios.The Current Ratio is one of the best known measures of financial strength. It is figured as shown below Total Current Assets Current Ratio = ____________________ Total Current LiabilitiesThe main question this ratio addresses is Does your business have enough current assets to obtain the payment schedule of its current debts with a margin of safety for possible losses in current assets, such as stock-taking shrinkage or collectable accounts? A gener onlyy acceptable current ratio is 2 to 1. But whether or not a specific rat io is satisfactory depends on the nature of the business and the characteristics of its current assets and liabilities. The minimum acceptable current ratio is obviously 11, but that relationship is usually playing it too close for comfort.If you decide your businesss current ratio is too low, you may be able to raise it by Paying some debts. Increasing your current assets from loans or other borrowings with a maturity of more than one year. Converting non-current assets into current assets. Increasing your current assets from new equity contributions. Putting profits back into the business.Quick Ratios.The Quick Ratio is sometimes called the acid-test ratio and is one of the best measures of liquidity. It is figured as shown below Cash + Government Securities + Receivables Quick Ratio = _________________________________________ Total Current LiabilitiesThe Quick Ratio is a much more exacting measure than the Current Ratio. By excluding inventories, it concentrates on the really l iquid assets, with value that is fairly certain. It helps answer the question If all sales revenues should disappear, could my business meet its current obligations with the readily convertible brisk funds on hand?An acid-test of 11 is considered satisfactory unless the majority of your quick assets argon in accounts receivable, and the pattern of accounts receivable collection lags behind the schedule for paying current liabilities.Working Capital.Working Capital is more a measure of cash flow than a ratio. The result of this calculation must be a positive number. It is calculated as shown belowWorking Capital = Total Current Assets Total Current LiabilitiesBankers look at Net Working Capital over time to determine a confederacys ability to weather financial crises. Loans atomic number 18 often tied to minimum working capital requirements.A general observation about these three Liquidity Ratios is that the higher they are the better, especially if you are relying to any signif icant extent on creditor money to finance assets.Leverage RatioThis Debt/Worth or Leverage Ratio indicates the extent to which the business is reliant on debt financing (creditor money versus proprietors equity) Total Liabilities Debt/Worth Ratio = _______________ Net WorthGenerally, the higher this ratio, the more risky a creditor will perceive its ikon in your business, making it correspondingly harder to obtain credit.To financial ratio analysis TopIncome Statement Ratio AnalysisThe following important State of Income Ratios measure profitabilityGross Margin RatioThis ratio is the percentage of sales dollars left after subtracting the cost of goods sold from net sales. It measures the percentage of sales dollars remain (after obtaining or manufacturing the goods sold) available to pay the overhead expenses of the company.Comparison of your business ratios to those of similar businesses will reveal the relative strengths or weaknesses in your business. The Gross Margin Ratio is calculated as follows Gross shekels Gross Margin Ratio = _______________ Net gross revenue(Gross avail = Net gross revenue Cost of Goods Sold)Net Profit Margin RatioThis ratio is the percentage of sales dollars left after subtracting the Cost of Goods sold and all expenses, except income taxes. It provides a good opportunity to differentiate your companys return on sales with the performance of other companies in your industry. It is calculated before income tax because tax rates and tax liabilities vary from company to company for a wide variety of reasons, making comparisons after taxes much more difficult. The Net Profit Margin Ratio is calculated as follows Net Profit Before Tax Net Profit Margin Ratio = _____________________ Net SalesManagement RatiosOther important ratios, often referred to as Management Ratios, are also derived from Balance Sheet and Statement of Income information.Inventory Turnover RatioThis ratio reveals how well inventory is existence managed. It i s important because the more times inventory can be turned in a given operating cycle, the greater the profit. The Inventory Turnover Ratio is calculated as follows Net Sales Inventory Turnover Ratio = ___________________________ Average Inventory at CostAccounts Receivable Turnover RatioThis ratio indicates how well accounts receivable are being collected. If receivables are not collected reasonably in accordance with their terms, management should rethink its collection policy. If receivables are excessively slow in being born-again to cash, liquidity could be severely impaired. The Accounts Receivable Turnover Ratio is calculated as followsNet Credit Sales/Year __________________ = Daily Credit Sales 365 Days/Year Accounts Receivable Accounts Receivable Turnover (in days) = _________________________ Daily Credit SalesReturn on Assets RatioThis measures how efficiently profits are being generated from the assets employed in the business when compared with the ratios of firms in a similar business. A low ratio in comparison with industry averages indicates an inefficient use of business assets. The Return on Assets Ratio is calculated as follows Net Profit Before Tax Return on Assets = ________________________ Total AssetsReturn on coronation (ROI) Ratio.The ROI is perhaps the most important ratio of all. It is the percentage of return on funds invested in the business by its owners. In short, this ratio tells the owner whether or not all the effort put into the business has been worthwhile. If the ROI is less than the rate of return on an alternative, risk-free investment such as a lingo savings account, the owner may be wiser to sell the company, put the money in such a savings instrument, and avoid the daily struggles of small business management. The ROI is calculated as follows Net Profit before Tax Return on Investment = ____________________ Net WorthThese Liquidity, Leverage, Profitability, and Management Ratios allow the business owner to identify trends in a business and to compare its progress with the performance of others through data published by various sources. The owner may olibanum determine the businesss relative strengths and weaknesses.Return on Equity(ROE,Return on average common equity,return on net worth,Return on ordinary shareholders funds) (requity) measures the rate of return on the self-possession interest (shareholders equity) of the common stock owners. It measures a firms efficiency at generating profits from every unit of shareholders equity (also known as net assets or assets electronegative liabilities). ROE shows how well a company uses investment funds to generate earnings growth.